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- $Unique_ID{BRK03952}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Lymphedema, Hereditary Types I and II}
- $Subject{Lymphedema Hereditary Types I and II Congenital Hereditary Lymphedema
- Type I Milroy Disease Type I Nonne-Milroy-Meige Syndrome Type I Meiges
- Lymphedema Type II Lymphedema Hereditary Type I Lymphedema Hereditary Type II
- Familial Lymphedema Praecox Type II Type I Hereditary Lymphedema Type II
- Hereditary Lymphedema Hereditary Angioedema Traumatic Lymphoedema}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders,
- Inc.
-
- 239:
- Lymphedema, Hereditary Types I and II
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Hereditary Lymphedema)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Congenital Hereditary Lymphedema (Type I)
- Milroy Disease (Type I)
- Nonne-Milroy-Meige Syndrome (Type I)
- Meiges Lymphedema (Type II)
- Lymphedema, Hereditary (Type I)
- Lymphedema, Hereditary (Type II)
- Familial Lymphedema Praecox (Type II)
-
- Disorder Subdivisions:
-
- Type I Hereditary Lymphedema
- Type II Hereditary Lymphedema
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Hereditary Angioedema
- Traumatic Lymphoedema
-
- General Discussion
-
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Hereditary Lymphedema is a genetic disorder of the lymphatic system.
- Major symptoms may include swelling of the tissue under the skin
- (subcutaneous) resulting from obstruction, destruction or underdevelopment of
- lymph vessels, and accumulation of excessive lymph fluid.
-
- Symptoms
-
- A patient with Hereditary Lymphedema has swelling (edema) of the foot, leg or
- an entire extremity . Swelling usually occurs on one side (unilateral) and it
- is worse during warm weather, prior to menstrual periods, and after an
- extremity has been hanging downward for a long period of time. There is
- usually no pain or discomfort. The edema causes a typical mound of swelling
- on the instep of the foot or the back of the hand. There are usually no skin
- surface changes and no evidence of obstruction of blood flow in the veins
- (venous insufficiency).
-
- Milroy's Disease or Congenital Hereditary Lymphedema (Type I), is present
- from birth, painless, without a tendency to form an ulcer (ulcerate) and may
- be associated with an obstruction in the gall bladder or stretching of the
- lymph vessels (lymphangiectasia) in the intestines.
-
- Meige's Disease or Hereditary Lymphedema Praecox (Type II), tends to cause
- particularly severe symptoms below the waist. Onset is usually in the first
- or second decade of life, often presenting with redness, swelling, pain, and
- inflammation and possibly a number of related abnormalities, including an
- extra row of eyelashes (distichiasis), cysts on the covering of the brain
- (extradural), abnormalities of the vertebrae in the spine, malformation of
- vessels in the brain (cerebrovascular), yellow nails or hearing loss. Several
- cases have been reported with an associated cleft palate. Some cases of fluid
- in the lungs (pleural effusion) have also been noted. (For more information
- on this disorder, choose "Meige" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database.)
-
- Causes
-
- Hereditary Lymphedema is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. (Human
- traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
- one from the mother. (In dominant disorders a single copy of the disease gene
- (received from either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the
- other normal gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of
- transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is fifty percent
- for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child).
-
-
- Affected Population
-
- Hereditary Lymphedema usually affects females more often than males.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Hereditary
- Lymphedema. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Hereditary Angioedema symptoms include swelling of parts of the skin,
- mucous membranes, and sometimes the internal organs due to obstruction of the
- lymph system. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Hereditary
- Angioedema" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Traumatic Lymphoedema is caused by injury to the lymph system such as
- bruising that can cause blockage of the lymph vessels.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- The goal in treatment of Hereditary Lymphedema is to eliminate the swelling.
- This is accomplished by elevation or air (pneumatic) compression of the limb,
- and then followed by a firm elastic support stocking to be worn from the time
- the patient arises until he or she retires. Occasionally, diuretics may be
- helpful by increasing fluid loss. Treatment of related anomalies is
- symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and their families.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Hereditary Lymphedema, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Lymphedema Network
- 2215 Post St., Ste. 3
- San Francisco, CA 94115
- 1-800-541-3259
-
- National Lymphatic & Venous Diseases Foundation, Inc.
- P.O. Box 80
- 218 Monsignor O'Brien Highway
- Cambridge, MA 02140
- (617) 784-4104
- (800) 225-2292
-
- NIH/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-4236
-
- For Genetic Information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 471.
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
- and Co., 1987. Pp. 706.
-
- PULMONARY DISEASES AND DISORDERS, 2nd Ed.: A.P. Fishman, M.D.; McGraw-Hill,
- 1988. Pp. 2134.
-
- FAMILIAL LYMPHEDEMA PRAECOX: MEIGE'S DISEASE., E.S. Wheeler, et. al.
- Plast. Reconstr. Surg. (May, 1981, issue 67(3) Pp. 362-4).
-
-